The Pueblo Revolt
Background
Near Santa Fe, New Mexico, the Spaniards established a colony of spanish missions. The Spaniards forced christianity onto the Pueblos as well as destroyed sacred Pueblo artifacts. Siezed Pueblo Lands and tried the indians in trial; They were killed, whipped, dismembered, and sold into slavery.
shows pueblo locations
Santa Fe location
Painting of the Pueblo Revolt, Notice the conquistador armor, and the indian warriors
shows pueblo locations
Pueblo Indians
The Pueblo people were known for being peaceful people. They were spread thoughout a vast connection of Nineteen villages throughout the Rio Grande (3, 1100). Each village had its own piece of land that they comandered. The Pueblos traditonally farmed alongside the river beds, and hunted the plains. This gave them a variety of food that consisted of corn, and wheat but also various meats like deer, and rabbit (britannica).
Spanish Encounters
Soon, The Pueblos began to encounter spanish colonists. The established missions are what is now New Mexico.
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In 1539 a Franciscan friar, Marcos de Niza, claimed the Pueblo region forSpain
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Explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado followed in 1540
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Juan De Onate established New mexico Colony 1598.
Spanish Influence
Before the Pueblo Revolt, Juan De Onate had previously established a colony near the Rio Grande. Soon After the spread of sixty-six missionaries, all Pueblo Traditional practices were banned. Next, Pueblo religious leaders were soon executed for conducting rituals. This control soon led to the taxation, and control of the Pueblo people. Soon, future govenors led the Pueblos to a system of Slavery, and forced labor (3, 1100)
The Revolt
On August 10th, 1680, An all-out revolt was lead by the whole mass of the Pueblo Indians. The Revolt lasted until the 21st where the spanish were ultimately defeated. The revolt resulte in four hundred casualties of men, women, and children. The Pueblos went on to destroy churches, and steal guns, and horses. This set fear in the other colonys, but the indian revolt ended there. (4)
Aftermath
Although the Puelos had ultimately won, the Pueblos only stayed independant for 12 years due to their failur to advance neighboring spanish settements. But because of their victory, the indians may have stalled the spanish from further exploration up north inland, leading to a english based country.
Citations
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"Pueblo Rebellion". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2015. Web. 08 Oct. 2015
<http://www.britannica.com/event/Pueblo-Rebellion>. -
"Pueblo Revolt." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 8 Oct. 2015<http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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Thamason, J. R. "Pueblo Revolt of 1680." The Encyclopedia of North American Indians. Vol. 1. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1997.
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"Pueblo Indians". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2015. Web. 08 Oct. 2015
<http://www.britannica.com/topic/Pueblo-Indians>. -
"Juan de Onate". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2015. Web. 08 Oct. 2015
<http://www.britannica.com/biography/Juan-de-Onate>.
Picture Citations
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Pueblo Tribe. Digital image. Kidport.com. N.p., n.d. Web.
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Map-ecf. Digital image. Texasbeyondhistory.net. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/paso/images/map-epcf-sm.jpg>
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New Mexico. Digital image. Tc.pbs.org. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www-tc.pbs.org/weta/thewest/places/states/newmexico/nm_santa.jpg>.
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Pueblos. Digital image. Ohwy.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.ohwy.com/history%20pictures/taospueblo.jpg>.
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Conquistadors. Digital image. Belltowerpropertiessantafe.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://belltowerpropertiessantafe.com/wp-content/uploads/conquistadors-300x226.jpg>.